The seawater desalination technology plays an important role in solving the problem of water shortage. In particular, the research of solar seawater technology has attracted more research and industry attentions. As an advanced and convenient processing method, laser micro/nano-manufacturing technology has made some achievements in the field of preparing seawater desalination materials in recent years. Based on the solar desalination and laser processing technologies as the research background, according to diverse research materials, we summarize the research progress of laser micro/nano-manufacturing technology in the preparation of seawater desalination materials from three different aspects, including carbon-based, metal-based and composite materials. Finally, challenges and prospects of this field are provided.

To repair structural damage of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) for aircrafts, the patch bonding technology is an ideal process to obtain a high-performance CFRP laminate joint. This study proposed a multi-ladder patch bonding adhesive joint design for CFRP laminates. The Yin and Yang film of patch bonding joint was designed and constructed. The code generation algorithms for the layered slice laser 3D engraving and scanning process were explored. The laser ablation processes of CFRP ladder layer interface and the bonding mechanism were investigated, which verified that the tensile strength and impact toughness of the adhesive joint were effectively improved. The failure mode of the joint is consistent with the designed adhesive failure. This study provides a design and fabrication technology to realize high-performance patch bonding joints for CFRP components, which can be applied in aviation, aerospace, and transportation etc.

Laser direct writing (LDW) is a highly efficient and scalable technology to fabricate flexible electronic devices. In this work, a type of flexible circle antenna sensor is developed by LDW on polyimide film with good dielectric property in response to strain and humidity. The carbonized polyimide has good conductivity and great adhesion to the substrate, which could be used as the active material for antenna. The carbonized polyimide presents porous stacked carbon structures and has the excellent electrical properties, which facilitate strain sensing and make the antenna have low loss, respectively. The resonance frequency of the LDW-generated antenna sensor changes with the variation of applied strain and environmental humidity. The sensitivities of LDW-generated antenna sensor response to applied strain and humidity are ?8.943 kHz/με and ?6.45 MHz/RH%, respectively. The flexible antenna sensor prepared by the LDW provides a new possibility for the application of structural health monitoring.

The vivid color appearance of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) has received intense research interests. The vibrant structural color associated with the periodicity of LIPSS is normally concerned under bright -field illumination, while the colors of structures under dark-field illumination are commonly overlooked. In this paper, we report an image encryption method based on laser-induced dual-period grating structures in indium tin oxide thin films, exhibiting different colors under bright-field and dark-field illumination. Following the standard laser recipe by judiciously controlling the polarization, pulse energy and scanning speed, subwavelength period LIPSS can be fabricated. By controlling the space between the fabricated lines, another grating with a larger periodicity can be formed. Consequently, the dual-period grating structure displays different colors under bright-field and dark-field illumination depending on the laser recipe with different pulse energies and line spaces. Leveraging this effect, information can be encoded in the color image, which displays the same color appearance under bright -field illumination while revealing different colors under dark-field illumination has been demonstrated. Combing the flexibility and scalability of laser fabrication, we envisage the potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, pattern decoration, metasurface, etc.

The slippery surface inspired by Nepenthes has received research and industry attentions due to its excellent liquid repellency, stability and self-repair property. The femtosecond laser is a powerful method to prepare the slippery surfaces due to its universality in processing materials with high precision, and high controllability. In this paper, taking the lyophobicity of slippery surfaces as a background, using femtosecond laser mico/nano-manufacturing technology as a method, the development of slippery surfaces by femtosecond laser was summarized from two perspectives, including the femtosecond laser mico/nano-manufacturing and applications of slippery surfaces. By controlling the processing parameters of femtosecond laser, the slippery surfaces could be fabricated on various materials, such as polymers, hard brittle transparent material, and metals. The prepared slippery surface can be applied in the fields of droplet and bubble manipulation, biological anticoagulation, antifouling, and anti-corrosion. Finally, the challenges of slippery surfaces were summarized.

As a low-cost, high-efficiency, and high-precision processing technology, laser direct writing can be applied to rapidly prototype two-dimensional or three-dimensional micro/nano-structures with almost arbitrary degrees of freedoms. This is of great significance to the fabrication of optoelectronics and semiconductor micro-nano structures and devices. Metal micro/nano-structures have a wide range of applications in electronics and photonics. This article reviews the research progress of laser direct writing of metal micro/nano-structures, including the preparation of micro/nano-structures and devices using gold, silver, copper and their composite materials. Subsequently, the research progress of laser direct writing on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy microfluidic chip is reviewed. With increase of requirements for environmental protection, functional carbon materials are extensively used in many fields. Compared with the traditional thermal carbonization method, the laser direct writing process can realize the fabrication of fine patterned micro/nano-structures on the surface. This article reviews the research progress of laser in-situ reduction of graphene oxide, laser carbonized wood, leaves and other wood materials. By reviewing the research of our research group and other related research results, this article can provide reference for the research and application of laser direct writing of metal and carbon material for micro/nano-structures and devices.