Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 60, Issue 13, 1316001(2023)
Development and Application of Nano-Optogenetic Probes
Fig. 1. Different kinds of photosensitive proteins with corresponding ion flow inside the channels[2]
Fig. 2. Rigid optical fiber probe. (a) First successful in vivo experimental demonstration[66]; (b) a longer fiber and a shorter fiber set on the upper and lower sides of the shank, respectively[68]; (c) the use of image bundle with digital micromirror device or scanning galvanometer[69]; (d) tapered optical fiber based on the mode-division multiplexing[71]
Fig. 6. Waveguide-integrated probes. (a) Y splitter, four channels[99]; (b) grating couplers as emitters, 21 channels[100]; (c) directional coupler to splitting the light, nine channels[103]; (d) thermal optical switch, reconfigurable eight channels[104]; (e) light emission via passive micro-ring resonators[105]; (f) light delivery based on the theory of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing, nine channels[41]; (g) the steer of the light beam achieved by OPA technology[106]; (h) FPR used in front of the OPA design[107]; (i) optical probes with several additional functions including optical stimulation, electrical recording and drug delivery[108]; (j) bicolor light emission[109-110]; (k) the optical probe based on the flexible Parylene C/PDMS substrate with the utilisation of micromirrors[112]; (l) optical cochlear implant based on the flexible SU-8/PMMA[113]
Fig. 7. Integrated electrophysiological recording probes. (a) Integrated electrodes, rigid optical fiber[68]; (b) integrated electrodes, rigid waveguide-integrated probe[122]; (c) integrated conductive cladding of the core, rigid optical fiber[123]; (d) conductive cladding attached to the optical waveguide, rigid μ-LED[84]; (e) flexible electrodes array attached to the silk fiber, flexible optical fiber[63];(f) light emission achieved through micromirrors without illuminating the electrodes, flexible waveguide-integrated[112]
Fig. 8. Integrated probes with delivery functions of biological and chemical signals. (a) Hollow struture designed to be microfluidics channels and formed via the thermal drawing process, flexible optical fiber[133]; (b) microfluidic and other functional channels surrounded by hydrogel, flexible optical fiber[134]; (c) microfludic channels formed via the sandwiched two PDMS layers, flexible μ-LED[135]
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Yiheng Tang, Yang Weng, Zequn Chen, Xiaojing Li, Ke Si, Wei Gong, Hongtao Lin, Lan Li. Development and Application of Nano-Optogenetic Probes[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(13): 1316001
Category: Materials
Received: Jun. 1, 2023
Accepted: Jun. 21, 2023
Published Online: Jul. 28, 2023
The Author Email: Li Lan (lilan@westlake.edu.cn)