Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of an ARROW

Fig. 2. HCARF cross section of square lattice cladding^[17]

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of three-layer planar waveguide cross-section structure

Fig. 4. The photo of the NANF facet as reported in OFC 2021

Fig. 5. The DNANF loss spectrum reported in OFC 2022^[31]

Fig. 6. Simulation and test of NANF attenuation spectrum^[31]

Fig. 7. Attenuation and window bandwidth prediction of NANF^[31]

Fig. 8. Capacity analysis of C＋L-band transmission system^[13]

Fig. 9. Attenuation spectrum of HCARF^[32]

Fig. 10. Bit error rate of 400 Gbit/s based on HCARF^[32]

Fig. 11. 41×PM-QPSK C-band 32 Gbit/s baud rate HCARF transmission experiment^[33]