High-precision extreme ultraviolet and X-ray observations for space exploration require the development of advanced micro materials for the numerous high-precision optical reflection elements used in such observations. Because short wavelengths are more prone to scattering on optical surfaces， the precision requirements and the fabrication techniques of short-wavelength optical components differ significantly from those of long-wavelength optical components. The Institute of Precision Optical Engineering （IPOE） at Tongji University has 20 years of research experience in this field. We have built a high-accuracy fabrication and measurement platform based on short-wavelength mirrors， developed an ion beam configuration of an ultra-smooth aspheric surface， proposed an absolute measurement method using random off-axis rotation based on Zernike polynomials， and formed a complete technology chain to develop aspheric reflector substrates. These optical components and systems have been successfully applied at several short-wavelength science facilities both in China and abroad. This study will briefly introduce the recent research progress on these optical aspheric reflectors at the IPOE.