Acta Photonica Sinica, Volume. 52, Issue 5, 0552203(2023)
Research Advance in Astronomical High-precision Wavelength Calibration Technology（Invited）
Figures & Tables(8)
Fig. 5. Diagram of electro-optical modulation astronomical optical comb system［94］
Fig. 6. Diagram of microcavity astronomical comb system［104］ tested on GIANO-B spectrometer
Table 1. Operation and test reports of astro-comb of mode-locked laser
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Operation and test reports of astro-comb of mode-locked laser
Test location and equipment Repetition frequency Frequency band Accuracy Vacuum tower telescope［ 16 ，42 ，43 ］15 GHz 480 nm~640 nm Highest at 3 cm/s Multiple mirror telescope［ 17 ］25 GHz 850 nm~950 nm No measurement（estimated 1 cm/s） Tillinghast telescope（Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph，TERS）［ 44 ］400 nm 50 GHz
800 nm 30 GHz
390 nm~410 nm
750 nm~850 nm
A few hours testing 1 m/s Hobby-Eberly telescope（Pathfinder）［ 45 ］25 GHz 1 450 nm~1 700 nm Four nights testing 10 m/s Telescopio Nazionale Galileo telescope（Northern hemisphere High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher，HARPS-N）［ 19 ］16 GHz 500 nm~620 nm Single measurement 6 cm/s Xinglong 2.16 m telescope（high resolution spectrograph）［ 46 ，47 ］25 GHz 460 nm~730 nm Highest at 11 cm/s Vacuum tower telescope（Laser-based Absolute Reference Spectrograph，LARS）［ 48 ］8 GHz 480 nm~700 nm A few hours testing 1 m/s 10 m Southern African Large telescope（High Resolution Spectrograph，HRS）［ 49 ］15 GHz 550 nm~890 nm 10 m/s 4.3 m Lowell Discovery telescope（The Extreme Precision Spectrograph，EXPRES）［ 50 ，51 ］30 GHz 450 nm~700 nm Highest at 30 cm/s Fraunhofer telescope（Fiber Optics Cassegrain Echelle Spectrograph，FOCES）［ 24 ，52 ，53 ］25 GHz 455 nm~690 nm 3.5 h testing 12 cm/s Very large telescope（Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky Exoplanets and Stable Spectroscopic Observations，ESPRESSO）［ 54 -56 ］18 GHz 510 nm~710 nm Higher than 1 m/s ESO 3.6 m telescope（HARPS）［ 18 ，23 ，24 ，57 ］18 GHz 438 nm~690 nm 101 minutes testing 1 cm/s
Table 2. Operation and test reports of white light Fabry Perot etalon
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Operation and test reports of white light Fabry Perot etalon
Test location and equipment Frequency band Etalon type Stable method Accuracy ESO 3.6 m telescope（HARPS）［ 63 -65 ］380 nm~690 nm Air gap etalon Passive stable One night testing 10 cm/s
Sixty days measurments1 m/s
Calar Alto 3.5 m telescope（CARMENES）［ 66 -68 ］600 nm~1 050 nm
900 nm~1 350 nm
Air gap etalon Passive stable At the visible band 1.6 m/s
At the near infrared band 6.5 m/s
Hobby-Eberly telescope（The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment，APOGEE）［ 69 ］1.5 μm~1.7 μm Fiber etalon Passive stable 12 hours testing 2 m/s Large Binocular Telescope（Potsdam Echelle Polarimetric and Spectroscopic Instrument，PEPSI）［ 70 ，71 ］400 nm~900 nm Air gap etalon Passive stable 10 m/s Anglo-Australian telescope（High Efficiency and Resolution Multi-Element Spectrograph，HERMES）［ 72 ］450 nm~800 nm Fiber etalon Lock at rubidium peak Few minutes testing at m/s level Himalayan Chandra telescope（Hanle Echelle Spectrograph，HESP）［ 73 ］500 nm~750 nm Air gap etalon Passive stable No measurement（estimated 1~10 m/s） Hobby-Eberly telescope（HPF）［ 74 ］820 nm~1 280 nm Air gap etalon Passive stable No measurement（Support 10 cm/s of a night，30 cm/s of ten days） Canada-France-Hawaii telescope（SpectroPolarimètre Infra-Rouge，SPIRou）［ 75 ］950 nm~1 700 nm Air gap etalon Passive stable No measurement（estimated <1 m/s） Gemini North telescope（Magellan Advanced Radial Velocity Observer of Neighboring Exoplanets，MAROON-X）［ 76 ］500 nm~920 nm Air gap etalon Lock at rubidium peak Two weeks measurements 30 cm/s
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Tongjun LIU, Huiqi YE, Liang TANG, Zhibo HAO, Jian HAN, Yang ZHAI, Dong XIAO. Research Advance in Astronomical High-precision Wavelength Calibration Technology（Invited）[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2023, 52(5): 0552203
Paper Information
Category: Special Issue for Advanced Science and Technology of Astronomical Optics
Received: Jan. 1, 2023
Accepted: Mar. 14, 2023
Published Online: Jul. 19, 2023
The Author Email: XIAO Dong (dxiao@niaot.ac.cn)
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