Large-diameter aspheric optical elements have superior optical properties, and they are more and more widely applied in the areas such as laser fusion, space technology and large optical telescopes. However, the mass production of large-diameter aspheric elements requires high-precision and high-efficiency numerical control grinding and polishing techniques. Meanwhile, the enormous challenges of mass production of ultra-precision medium and large aspheric optical elements have propelled the modern optical measurement technology toward higher efficiency, higher accuracy and higher level of automation. According to the processing technology of aspheric optical elements, the research status of measurement technology in grinding stage is summarized systematically, and the principles of the above technologies are explained in detail. At last, the development trend of the measurement technology of large aspheric optical elements in grinding stage is prospected.