Numerical design of an efficient Ho<sup>3+</sup>-doped InF<sub>3</sub> fiber laser at ~3.2 μm

Shi-Yuan Zhou; Hong-Yu Luo; Ya-Zhou Wang; Yong Liu

doi:10.1016/j.jnlest.2024.100261

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology, Volume. 22, Issue 3, 100261(2024)

Numerical design of an efficient Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ fiber laser at ~3.2 μm

Shi-Yuan Zhou¹, Hong-Yu Luo^1、*, Ya-Zhou Wang², and Yong Liu^1、*

¹State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China

²DTU Electro, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark

show less

Figures & Tables(11)

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the setup in simulations. FCM and RCM indicate the front and rear cavity mirrors, respectively.

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 2. Energy level diagram of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ fiber pumped at 1150 nm and 980 nm with the relevant transitions processes. GSA: Ground state absorption; VGSA: Visual ground state absorption; ESA: Excited state absorption; ETU1 and ETU2: Energy transfer upconversion 1 and 2; CR1 and CR2: Cross relaxation 1 and 2.

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 3. Power distribution with the varied and L (P₁ = 5 W and P₂ = 20 W).

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 4. Power evolutions with (a) P₁ and (b) P₂ (= 0.11 and L = 1.85 m).

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 5. Effects of the interionic processes (i.e., ETU1, ETU2, CR1, and CR2) and ESA on the laser performance (P₁ = 5 W, = 0.11, and L = 1.85 m).

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 6. Comparison of the ~3.2 μm output power evolutions with the different ⁵I₅ lifetimes (P₁ = 5 W, = 0.11, and L = 1.85 m).

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 7. ~3.9 μm laser power evolution with (P₁ = 5 W, P₂ = 20 W, = 0.11, and L = 1.85 m).

Download full size

View in Article

Fig. 8. Dual-wavelength laser power and heat load evolutions with P₂, where the ~3.2 μm power evolution under the single transition operation is added as a comparison (P₁ = 5 W, = 0.11, = 0.1, and L = 1.85 m).

Download full size

View in Article

Table 1. Cavity, absorption/emission, and interionic parameters.

View table

View in Article

Table 1. Cavity, absorption/emission, and interionic parameters.

Parameter	Value	Source
NHo	2×1026 m–3	Manufacturer
rcore	5.5 μm	Manufacturer
rclad	50.0 μm	Manufacturer
NA	0.3	Manufacturer
L	To be optimized	/
${\lambda _{{s_1}}}$	3260 nm	Set
${\lambda _{{s_2}}}$	3920 nm	Set
${\lambda _{{p_1}}}$	1150 nm	Set
${\lambda _{{p_2}}}$	980 nm	Set
${\alpha _{{s_1}}}$	0.22 dB/m	[25]
${\alpha _{{s_2}}}$	0.20 dB/m	[25]
${\alpha _{{p_1}}}$	0.60 dB/m	Manufacturer
${\alpha _{{p_2}}}$	0.96 dB/m	[25]
${\Gamma _{{p_1}}}$	0.0110	Calculated
${\Gamma _{{p_2}}}$	0.9271	Calculated
${\Gamma _{{s_1}}}$	0.8859	Calculated
${\Gamma _{{s_2}}}$	0.8287	Calculated
${R_{{p_{11}}}}$	0.01	Set
${R_{{p_{12}}}}$	0.99	Set
${R_{{p_{21}}}}$	0.01	Set
${R_{{p_{22}}}}$	0.99	Set
${R_{{s_{11}}}}$	0.99	Set
${R_{{s_{21}}}}$	0.99	Set
${R_{{s_{12}}}}$	To be optimized	/
${R_{{s_{22}}}}$	To be optimized	/
${\sigma _{{\text{ab}}{{\text{s}}_{{\text{02}}}}}}$	2.35×1025 m2	[32]
${\sigma _{{\text{em}}{{\text{i}}_{20}}}}$	1.80×1025 m2	Calculated
${\sigma _{{\text{ab}}{{\text{s}}_{25}}}}$	3.29×1025 m2	[33]
${\sigma _{{\text{em}}{{\text{i}}_{52}}}}$	4.81×1025 m2	[33]
${\sigma _{{\text{ab}}{{\text{s}}_{14}}}}$	1.58×1025 m2	[34]
${\sigma _{{\text{em}}{{\text{i}}_{41}}}}$	6.35×1025 m2	Calculated
${\sigma _{{\text{em}}{{\text{i}}_{54}}}}$	1.92×1025 m2	[22]
${\sigma _{{\text{ab}}{{\text{s}}_{45}}}}$	2.65×1025 m2	Calculated
${\sigma _{{\text{em}}{{\text{i}}_{32}}}}$	3.40×1025 m2	[25]
${\sigma _{{\text{ab}}{{\text{s}}_{23}}}}$	2.49×1025 m2	Calculated
W1,1	7.15×10–25 m3/s	Calculated
W2,2	1.58×10–23 m3/s	Calculated
W3,0	3.77×10–24 m3/s	Calculated
W5,0	1.19×10–24 m3/s	Calculated

Table 2. Spectrum parameters of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass.

View table

View in Article

Table 2. Spectrum parameters of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass.

Parameter	Value
τ₁	16.2 ms
τ₂	6.2 ms
τ₃	135 μs
τ₄	16.3 μs
τ₅	312 μs
β_1,0	1
β_2,0, β_2,1	0.9420, 0.0580
β_3,0, β_3,1, β_3,2	0.0110, 0.0085, 0.9800
β_4,0, β_4,1, β_4,2, β_4,3	0.0385, 0.0097, 0.0023, 0.9490
β_5,0, β_5,1, β_5,2	0.5000, 0.4000, 0.1000

Table 3. MPR decay rates, energy differences of two levels, and exothermic energy associated with interionic processes of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass [33,37].

View table

View in Article

Table 3. MPR decay rates, energy differences of two levels, and exothermic energy associated with interionic processes of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass [33,37].

Parameter	Value
${W_{{\text{MP}}{{\text{R}}_{5{\mathrm{,}}4}}}}$	0
${W_{{\text{MP}}{{\text{R}}_{4{\mathrm{,}}3}}}}$	58234 s–1
${W_{{\text{MP}}{{\text{R}}_{3{\mathrm{,}}2}}}}$	7260 s–1
${W_{{\text{MP}}{{\text{R}}_{2{\mathrm{,}}1}}}}$	0
${W_{{\text{MP}}{{\text{R}}_{1{\mathrm{,}}0}}}}$	0
E5,4	3056 cm–1
E4,3	4353 cm–1
E3,2	2586 cm–1
E2,1	3510 cm–1
E1,0	5090 cm–1
E5,3	7409 cm–1
E4,2	6939 cm–1
E3,1	6096 cm–1
δE1,1	1580 cm–1
δE2,2	1661 cm–1
δE3,0	1006 cm–1
δE5,0	2319 cm–1

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Shi-Yuan Zhou, Hong-Yu Luo, Ya-Zhou Wang, Yong Liu. Numerical design of an efficient Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ fiber laser at ~3.2 μm[J]. Journal of Electronic Science and Technology, 2024, 22(3): 100261

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites

Paper Information

Category:

Received: Feb. 19, 2024

Accepted: May. 26, 2024

Published Online: Oct. 11, 2024

The Author Email: Luo Hong-Yu (yuhl_198904@163.com), Liu Yong (yongliu@uestc.edu.cn)

DOI:10.1016/j.jnlest.2024.100261

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Cavity, absorption/emission, and interionic parameters.

Table 1. Cavity, absorption/emission, and interionic parameters.

Table 2. Spectrum parameters of Ho3+-doped InF3 glass.

Table 2. Spectrum parameters of Ho3+-doped InF3 glass.

Table 3. MPR decay rates, energy differences of two levels, and exothermic energy associated with interionic processes of Ho3+-doped InF3 glass [33,37].

Table 3. MPR decay rates, energy differences of two levels, and exothermic energy associated with interionic processes of Ho3+-doped InF3 glass [33,37].

Table 2. Spectrum parameters of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass.

Table 2. Spectrum parameters of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass.

Table 3. MPR decay rates, energy differences of two levels, and exothermic energy associated with interionic processes of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass [33,37].

Table 3. MPR decay rates, energy differences of two levels, and exothermic energy associated with interionic processes of Ho³⁺-doped InF₃ glass [33,37].