Infrared and Laser Engineering, Volume. 52, Issue 9, 20220892(2023)

Linear APD hybrid time-of-flight ranging model and readout circuit design

Jiaqi Shao1,2,3, Honglei Chen1,3, and Ruijun Ding1,3
Author Affiliations
  • 1Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
  • 2School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai 200120, China
  • 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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    Figures & Tables(11)
    Four-phase ranging integration situation
    Circuit system structure
    Pixel circuit
    Hybrid ranging model
    Two phase ranging
    Effect of ambient light on precision
    Effect of clock frequency on precision
    Main circuit layout
    Linearity test
    (a) Hybrid ranging results; (b) Accuracy error of the 29th subperiod
    • Table 1. Comparison of performance in this paper with advanced designs

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      Table 1. Comparison of performance in this paper with advanced designs

      PerformanceRef.[4] Ref.[6] Ref.[9] Ref.[10] Ref.[11] Ref.[12] Ref.[13] This paper
      TOF typeDirectDirectIndirectHybridHybridIndirectIndirectHybrid
      Technology/nm18018018065-130110180
      Resolution320×25664×6464×641200×900640 $ \times $480 512 $ \times $424 64×645×5
      Pixel size/μm305020610103250
      Input stageCTIACTIACTIADIDIDICTIACTIA
      DetectorLM-APDGM-APDPDGM-APDPD-LM-APDLM-APD
      Range/m30613.57.5250400.8-4.22108.75
      Nonlinearity-1.1%---0.75%0.2%
      Precision/cm111531.510-150402.16.811.355
      Modulation Frequency/MHz--2.55090/110802525
      Frame/fps7200002645030309666700
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    Jiaqi Shao, Honglei Chen, Ruijun Ding. Linear APD hybrid time-of-flight ranging model and readout circuit design[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2023, 52(9): 20220892

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    Paper Information

    Category: Infrared technology and application

    Received: Oct. 20, 2022

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Oct. 23, 2023

    The Author Email:

    DOI:10.3788/IRLA20220892

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