Fig. 1. The crystal structure of VO₂^［20］

Fig. 2. Electronic structure of VO₂ monoclinic（M₁）phase and rutile（R）phase^［21］

Fig. 3. Plot of the twisting angle δ vs temperature and the temperature dependence of the resistance ^［23］

Fig. 4. SEM images of the VO₂ thin films and of HiPIMS and RFMS and their surfaces after 52 hours of ageing^[37]

Fig. 5. Scheme of the hybrid process，existing of aerosol jet system（left）and laser-based curing（right）for laser direct writing^［55］

Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of intelligent thermostat of VO₂ and Hysteresis loops for the temperature-dependent transmittance^{［80，83］}

Fig. 7. Experimental scheme of electrochromic intelligent window system^［84］

Fig. 8. The temperature of the model house with glass and MVS^［85］

Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of the hybrid VO₂ cross metasurfaces^［87］

Fig. 10. Simulated results of surface electric field distribution corresponding to the resonant frequency of the proposed hybrid VO₂ metasurface resonator for TM mode^［87］

Fig. 11. Adjustable terahertz absorber with multiple defects ^［89］

Fig. 12. Schematic diagram of Novel optical switch^［92］

Fig. 13. Schematic and SEM images of broadband THz switch^［93］

Fig. 14. Comparison of CV response of VO₂ electrodes ^［96］

Fig. 15. Cycling performance of AC//VO₂（A）@C ASC device collected at a scan rate of 50 mVs^-1 for 1 000 cycles in 0.5 mol/L Na₂SO₄ aqueous electrolyte and LiCl/PVA gel electrolyte^［18］

Fig. 16. Schematic diagrams of the experimental setups to measure temperature and pressure responses of two oscillation waveform parameters（i.e.，f_o and A_o）of the Voltage-induced oscillation^［100］

Fig. 17. Infrared images of the sample（diameter=1 cm）under different temperatures^［102］