Fig. 1. Schematic of laser-plasma process in the underdense plasma corona, inverse bremsstrahlung absorption occurs up to critical density^[4]

Fig. 2. Laser platforms for creating high-pressure experiments

Fig. 3. Thermodynamic compression paths within the sample for the case of laser-based compression^[14]

Fig. 4. Ramp quasi-isentropic compression: kinematics illustration, measurements, data analysis^[1]

Fig. 5. Temperature evolution in dynamic compression, ideal isentrope, ideal Hugoniot curve and ramp compression^[20]

Fig. 6. Experimental design of material compression based on laser facilities

Fig. 7. Three types of moving reflecting surfaces in the interferometer velometer

Fig. 8. Example of a laser indirect driven shock+ramp compression experiment^[37-38]

Fig. 9. Design of a streaked optical pyrometer system together with VISAR in the laser driven platform

Fig. 10. Designed intensity of streaked optical pyrometer (SOP) with brightness temperature (left) and SOP intensity vs shock velocity (right)^[55]

Fig. 11. Spectral radiance measured at the interface of iron/LiF in gas gun platform. (a) raw data of a 16-channel time resolved optical pyrometer; (b) the fitted curve to determine the temperature and emissivity of iron^[59]

Fig. 12. A high-resolution spectrometer in NIF and spectral data of an undriven Cu sample^[63]

Fig. 13. Dynamic X-ray diffraction mode based on laser drive platform

Fig. 14. Experimental setup and date analysis of laser indirect drive shockless isentropic compression of Au and Pt^[1]

Fig. 15. Raw VISAR data from the D2 cryogenic experiment in NIF and measured phase diagram for the D2 insulator to metal transition measured by different experiments

Fig. 16. Laser driven shock loading of static pre-compressed H-He mixture, the target structure, raw data of SOP and VISAR, phase diagram of H, He, and the mixture^[22]

Fig. 17. (a) Electrical conductivity of water from different experiment, electronic conductivity from laser shocked water ice with static pre-compression, shock reverberation (solid blue) and principal Hugoniot (black) of water^[23]; (b) experimental data from Hugoniot of water ice VII and shock reverberation of liquid water, novel superionic water ice was found as fcc structure (red)^[69]

Fig. 18. Continuous measurement of sound velocity along Hugoniot curve via lateral release method