The calibration accuracy of laser stripe vision sensor is directly related to accuracy in measurement. The commonly adopted calibration method is model-based calibration method. The model will become significantly complicated and the calculation will become complex when a high measurement accuracy is required. In order to calibrate the laser stripe vision sensor with high accuracy, high efficiency and low cost, a direct calibration method for laser stripe sensor based on gauge block which does not require model is proposed. Firstly, a calibration target is designed. Secondly, a lookup table of the direct mapping relationship between image coordinates and three-dimensional coordinates of feature points is built. Finally, three-dimensional coordinates of an arbitrary point can be obtained from the lookup table directly or with least-square fitting algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that this direct calibration method has high accuracy. Its average absolute measuring accuracy is 0.0279 mm in y direction and 0.0237 mm in z direction. It concludes that this method can meet the requirements of high accuracy measurement, and the calculation is simple and easy to implement.