For the problem of symbol rate estimation in non-cooperative communication, an algorithm based on empirical mode decomposition for symbol rate estimation is proposed. The algorithm performs a low-order Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) on the instantaneous amplitude of the signal to find the intrinsic mode components that contain information about the symbol rate; then, it estimates the symbol rate through spectral line detection. This algorithm can effectively reduce the impact of interference on estimation performance by separating frequencies, thereby improving estimation accuracy. Simulation results show that the algorithm can obtain an estimate of the symbol rate directly from the frequency band signal under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions.