Mode mismatch is a primary factor contributing to coupling loss in heterogeneous optoelectronic devices. In this paper, the transmission characteristics of the semiconductor laser and the photonic crystal fiber are researched. Besides, optical lens are designed to achieve the shaping and modification of the output light of the semiconductor laser. In addition, the coupling efficiency, alignment accuracy requirements and 3 dB mismatch tolerance of the semiconductor laser and photonic crystal fiber coupling system are analyzed by using mode overlap integration. The research results show that the semiconductor laser can be highly matched with the photonic crystal fiber mode after optical lens shaping and modification, and coupling efficiency and 3 dB alignment tolerance can achieve 91% and 0.5 μm, respectively.