In order to study the influence of laser parameters on the cutting quality of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites (CFRP), a fiber laser is used to perform a cutting test on a 0.3 mm CFRP thick tube. The mechanism of laser cutting CFRP is explored, the single-factor process test of CFRP materials is carried out, and the influence of laser processing parameters such as laser power, cutting speed, pulse frequency and auxiliary gas pressure on cutting quality is studied. On this basis, in order to obtain the best cutting quality, the cutting quality evaluation index is proposed, and the combination of different laser processing parameters on the thermal influence zone of the cutting seam and the quality of the cutting wall surface are analyzed through orthogonal optimization test. The results show that the surface morphology quality of the laser cut sample is better than that of mechanical cutting, and there are fewer wall defects such as surface burrs and cracks after laser cutting than mechanical cutting. The final parameter combination for the best cutting effect is laser power 1 050 W, pulse frequency 2 000 Hz, auxiliary air pressure 1.8 MPa, and cutting speed of 1.5 m/min.