A method for the determination of arsenic, antimony, mercury and selenium in different parts (root, stem, leaf and fruit) of acanthopanax senticosus harms using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry with microwave digestion was developed. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the concentration of arsenic, antimony, mercury and selenium showed a linear relationship with the fluorescence intensity. The detection limit of arsenic was 0.068 ng·mL-1, and the RSD was 1.05%. The detection limit of antimony was 0.155 ng·mL-1, and the RSD was 1.32%. The detection limit of mercury was 0.014 ng·mL-1, and the RSD was 2.03%. The detection limit of selenium was 0.052 ng·mL-1, and the RSD was 2.34%. The method was checked in terms of accuracy and precision using the standard reference substance of hair(GBW07601), and proved to be sensitive and rapid with satisfactory results. The content of arsenic, mercury and selenium is high in the leaf, and that of antimony is higher in the root than in other parts.