The aero-engine parts have complex structures, small size, and poor beam accessibility. In order to explore the strengthening effect of laser oblique shock peening technique on GH4169 superalloy materials, this paper studies the effect of laser shock peening process parameters on the surface and depth residual stress, surface roughness and microhardness through laser oblique shock peening experiments. The results show that the surface and depth residual stress, microhardness and surface roughness increase with the increase of laser energy and impact times; when the (5 J, 6 J, 7 J) energy collocation is adopted, the index value obtained is relatively the best, the surface roughness value is 1.08 μm, the surface residual compressive stress is -446.9 MPa, the residual compressive stress layer depth is 1 500 μm, the microhardness is 448.1 HV and the depth of influence is 1 300 μm.