Liquid crystal polymer (LCP) has anisotropy in optical, electrical and mechanical properties because its molecular units are arranged in a liquid crystal order. After the introduction of responsive chemical groups, LCP coatings have stimulus responsiveness and can respond to stimuli such as light, heat and electric fields. The LCP coating can intelligently regulate its surface topography under external stimulation, adjust the friction and lubrication properties of the surface, and affect the growth and differentiation behavior of cells. This article reviews the latest advances in scientific research on liquid crystal polymer coatings, focusing on their applications in regulating surface friction and lubrication properties and in biomedical applications. At the same time, the article looks forward to the application prospects of liquid crystal polymer coatings in future development and points out the scientific issues that need to be solved.