A novel method for automatic measurement of target’s 3D gesture was proposed here to solve the problem of measurement of target’s 3D gesture in target trials of shooting range. Firstly, the model of imaging was analyzed. Secondly, geometric active contour and improved Hough transform were used for extracting axes of symmetry target precisely. Then, the 3D gesture parameters were corrected automatically by making use of the collinear equation in imaging model, which eliminated the duality of 3D gesture parameters and gained the actual results. Experiment results show that the method can extract the axes of axisymmetric target effectively in high precision and get correct 3D gesture parameters.