Fringe projection profilometry is widely used in industry and scientific research due to its advantages of non-contact, high precision and easy realization. In order to solve the problem of three-dimensional reconstruction error caused by local overexposure or underexposure of surface fringe images of objects with large reflectivity changes, a three-dimensional topography measurement method based on adaptive multiple exposure is proposed.Firstly, the baseline exposure time is calculated according to the histogram cumulative function, and the fringe pattern sequence is fused into the baseline image. Secondly, the exposure time series is estimated iteratively according to the camera response curve and the number of pixels with high signal-to-noise ratio.Finally, the image sequences with different exposure times are synthesized into new fringe image sequences for three-dimensional reconstruction.The experimental results show that the proposed method can adaptively predict multiple exposure times, overcome the problem of overexposure or underexposure of the fringe pattern of objects, and realize the complete three-dimensional reconstruction of objects with large surface reflectance changes and improve the three-dimensional topography measurement accuracy.