Noise characteristic analysis is conducive to a deeper understanding of the dynamic features for semiconductor laser arrays, which are crucial in various fields such as optical communication, optical sensing, precision measurement. This study analyzes the effects of injection current, source-area radius, light-output aperture, and cavity length on the relative intensity noise and phase noise of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser array with an external cavity feedback using the optical feedback L-K rate equation. Results indicate that increasing the injection current and light-output aperture are benefitial to achieve coherent coupling and low-noise output while still maintaining the fundamental optical mode output. Moreover, increasing the source-area radius helps to increase the relative intensity noise. However, no evident relationship exists between the phase noise and source-area radius. In addition, excessively large or excessively small external cavity length considerably increased the relative intensity noise and phase noise .