In order to investigate the effect of rejuvenation on the cuttings of hard-to-root trees the experiment measured the growth and physiological indices of 1-year-old Acer mono seedlings under different rejuvenation pruning treatment and observed and analyzed the anatomical structure of cuttings The results showed that the stem length stem diameter petiole length water content leaf area net photosynthetic rate transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of new branches of Acer mono seedlings were significantly increased by the treatment while the intercellular CO₂ concentration was significantly decreased The contents of soluble protein soluble sugar chlorophyll and activities of POD SOD and CAT of Acer mono seedlings were significantly increased by the treatment while the contents of MDA flavonoid and total phenol were significantly decreased The bast fibers between the cortex and the phloem were not obvious the cortical cells were larger and the xylem was thinner The results showed that pruning a year>pruning for two years>no pruning The seedlings of Acer mono were restored to rejuvenation after the pruning treatment the seedlings of Acer mono showed a better growth state thus reducing the difficulty of asexual reproduction providing technical support for the seedlings of Acer mono and laying a foundation for further research on the physiological mechanism of anti-aging of Acer mono