Multispectral detection technology differs from traditional single broad-spectrum detection technology in that it can detect multiple spectra within the electromagnetic band separately, thereby obtaining more spatial material information. This technology plays a crucial role in complex and changing military environments such as remote sensing imaging, missile guidance, and biomedicine. This paper discusses the application of multispectral detection technology in imaging from the perspective of multispectral detection technology, and firstly introduces four common multispectral optoelectronic detection instruments and technologies; then presents the current development status of this technology in target background identification, missile guidance and early warning, and landmine identification and detection; and finally, anticipates the possible development direction of multispectral detection technology in the military field.