The SiC toughened and reinforced molybdenum silicide composite coating on the surface of nickel-based alloys was prepared by laser cladding. The effect of SiC content on the formation of cracks and pores, structural characteristics, phase composition and hardness, high temperature friction and wear, and high temperature oxidation resistance of the composite coating were studied. Results show that with the increasing of SiC content, the microhardness value increases. The high temperature friction and wear performance and high temperature oxidation performance were enhanced. When the SiC content is up to 15%, the coating has no obvious forming defects. The laser cladding layer is mainly composed of Mo2Ni3Si, MoSi2, SiC and γ-Ni phases. Its microhardness value is up to 814 HV, which is 5.4 times that of the substrate.