Ground-based optical telescopes used in daytime debris detection systems for Geostationary Earth Orbit （GEO） experience significant positioning errors due to thermal fluctuations and solar position variations. Furthermore， their limited field of view precludes the use of conventional astronomical positioning techniques for precise target localization. This study presents a novel swing-scan and fusion positioning methodology utilizing neighboring star matching to address these limitations.The proposed approach incorporates three key steps： first， observing two calibrated stars in proximity to the space debris； second， deriving telescope directional change coefficients by comparing telescope orientation with the stars' theoretical astronomical positions； and third， correcting target positioning errors through spatial position matching between the debris and calibrated stars.Implementation of this methodology on the 500 mm aperture GEO space debris all-day detection system， achieved high-precision positioning across the celestial sphere with positioning errors below 4″. Validation experiments conducted on two Beidou precision orbit targets demonstrated total positioning errors of 1.77″ and 1.63″ for azimuth and elevation， respectively. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed positioning technology in error correction and its suitability for all-day detection system requirements.