Eutrophication becomes more serious with the development of society. It is difficult for the conventional sewage treatment technology to meet the requirements of environmental treatment. Efficient and economical deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology becomes a necessity. Biological method is often used for nitrogen removal, and physicochemical method is effective for phosphorus removal. The technology of biological denitrification for nitrogen removal is mature and widely used. For phosphorus removal, chemical precipitation usually requires additional structures and may cause secondary pollution. Physical adsorption has some disadvantages of low saturated adsorption capacity and high cost. Therefore, the potential application of some industrial solid and mineral wastes with high activity, low cost and environmental friendliness has attracted recent attentions. The development of phosphorus removal materials based on solid waste is a current research hotspot. Compared with the conventional physicochemical method, the crystallization method can reduce the structure and facilitate the recovery of phosphorus. Phosphate ore in China is rich, and the massive mine tailings after processing are piled up at will due to the improper development, resulting in environmental pollution and resource waste. Collophanite is in apatite, which can be used as a crystal seed of phosphorus removal by crystallization method. This way can reduce the cost, and realize the resource utilization of waste. In the early stage, low-grade collophanite as a mineral waste was used for deep phosphorus removal in sewage. This paper was to explore a possibility of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in one reactor via physicochemical and biochemical processes. A low-grade collophanite was used as a denitrification filter, which acted as a carrier of denitrification microorganism attachment and growth and provided an apatite crystal seed. Effect of mineral fillers on the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated.