Exploring the relationship between sleep status and myopia prevalence in preschool children, a total of 336 people from a public kindergarten in Shanghai were selected as the research subjects and underwent eye examination and questionnaire survey. Results show that total sleep time greater than or equal to 10 hours, going to bed at 22:00 and before, and getting up at 7:30 and after are protective factors for myopia. Ensuring adequate sleep for preschool children and eliminating the use of electronic devices before going to bed are of great significance for the prevention and control of children's myopia and their healthy development.