In order to study the effects of laser cleaning on the surface microhardness, surface roughness, corrosion resistance and surface chemical composition of the high-speed train slip ring, a 1 064 nm pulsed laser was used to clean the surface of the collector ring. The surface roughness and microhardness were measured before and after cleaning by surface roughness tester and microhardness tester. The corrosion resistance was measured before and after cleaning by an electrochemical workstation, and the surface chemical composition was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the surface microhardness after laser cleaning reaches 210.7 HV, which is higher than the hardness of the substrate. The surface roughness after cleaning reaches Ra 2.5, which is 68.7% lower than that of the uncleaned surface. Moreover, the surface corrosion resistance of the slip ring after laser cleaning is enhanced compared with the substrate. The oxygen content of the slip ring after laser cleaning is decreased compared with the uncleaned surface, and the oxygen content is 3.840%.