In this paper, the characteristics of focused ultrasound are studied based on laser focused ultrasound enhancement technology. The results show that the focused ultrasound characteristics are measured by the laser focused ultrasound enhancement system. The results show that the acoustic power increases gradually with the increase of the excitation voltage. When the excitation voltage increases by 85 V, the acoustic power reaches 169 W. By verifying the stability and consistency of the working state of the excitation power supply and the ultrasonic transducer system, it lays a foundation for further study of the ultrasonic characteristics. The finite element analysis is carried out with ANSYS10.0 software, and the theoretical relationship between thermal effect and ultrasonic duration is obtained. The simulation results show that the temperature value is stable when the step number is 45-105. The maximum temperature of the system increases by 0.001 5 ℃ when the duration of ultrasound is 5 μs and 0.054 ℃ when the duration of ultrasound increases to 105 μs. This shows that there will be a minimal thermal effect in the test experiment, and the impact on the test is very small.