A high precision on-chip resistance calibration circuit with the adjustment range of 40 Ω to 100 Ω was designed, which could accurately calibrate the on-chip resistance value caused by process fluctuation. The analog-digital mixing method was used. Combined with adaptive control circuits and high precision hysteresis comparators, the voltage values converted by the on-chip resistance and the referenced off-chip resistance were compared. The circuit was designed to make the on-chip resistance value equal to that of the referenced off-chip. The calibration circuit was designed in a 40 nm CMOS process. The simulation results showed that the minimum voltage comparison threshold of comparator was 2 mV. The circuit could achieve adjustable resistance values in the range of 40 Ω to 100 Ω, and the calibration error was less than 2%.