Glass-lined chemical equipment has both metallic strength and glass-like corrosion resistance, serving as key equipment in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry. However, enamel has poor fracture toughness and is prone to porcelain explosion, which seriously shortens the service life of enamel equipment. This study investigated the effect of lithium oxide on the acid resistance and mechanical impact resistance of glass-lined by changing the mass percentage of lithium oxide in the glaze. Under the same firing conditions and a certain chemical composition range, the results demonstrated that the acid resistance was optimal when the mass fraction of lithium oxide was 0.3%, and the impact resistance of enamel glass was better when the mass fraction of lithium oxide was 0.2% to 0.4%. These findings had great significance for optimizing the design scheme of enamel equipment and extending the service life of glass-lined equipment.