This study investigated the effects of a comprehensive weight management program integrating exercise and dietary interventions on body composition in college students with simple obesity. Thirty-eight college students with simple obesity (body mass index BMI≥25 kg·m^-2) participated in the Weight Management Pilot Program at Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering. A single-group pretest-posttest experimental design was adopted for a four-week intervention period. Body composition indicators, including body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and visceral fat level, were measured before and after the intervention using an InBody analyzer. Paired ttests were employed for statistical analysis. After the intervention, significant decreases were observed in body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and visceral fat level (P<0.05), while skeletal muscle mass and basal metabolic rate remained stable (P>0.05). These results suggest that a short-term (4-week) combined exercise and dietary intervention can effectively improve body composition in obese college students without causing muscle loss or significant metabolic decline, supporting the feasibility of this approach in terms of both safety and efficacy. Future research should extend the intervention duration to assess long-term effects.