Paleoclimatology is a discipline that studies the past climate of the earth, and its purpose is to predict the future climate change, to solve problems related to the environment, resources and so on. Based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS), the complex and diverse large area paleoclimatology samples can be quickly, accurately and in situ analyzed by the element imaging technology, and the element information that can be linked with the climate can be obtained. LIBS thus has a good application prospect in climate change research. This paper first introduces the basic principles of element imaging technology based on LIBS. Secondly, it reviews the instrument configuration of the currently commonly used imaging system, including laser light source, focusing system and spectral detection system. Finally, typical cases of analyzing paleoclimate agents based on LIBS element imaging technology at home and abroad is introduced. Therefore, this paper has a good guiding role for the application of element imaging technology based on LIBS in paleoclimate research.