The shrink fit interface between the axle and wheel hub is susceptible to microslip damage due to combined torsional and tensile loads, leading to fretting fatigue and premature failure during assembly and service. In this study, a Fe314 alloy coating was applied to EA1N axle steel using laser cladding with pre-strain. The microstructure and microhardness of the repair layer were investigated, and a comparative analysis was conducted on the torsional fretting fatigue properties of axles with varying repair depths. The results indicate that the repaired axle steel exhibits a strong metallurgical bond without defects such as blowholes and cracks. The microhardness and elastic modulus increase progressively from the cladding surface to the substrate region. The torsional fretting fatigue life significantly improves with increasing repair depth. Fretting cracks in an "X" shape originate from the substrate zone without cladding. Furthermore, the damage degree on the cladded side is less severe than in the substrate zone, with the cladded side primarily exhibiting slight delamination and plastic deformation.