The advantages and disadvantages of several kinds of three-mirror system and four-mirror system are clear, a kind of high quality space detailed survey camera in the middle or high orbit is formed. According to the same technical target, we analyse the key parameters of space detailed survey camera, six kinds of optical systems: on-axis three-mirrors system, two imaging off-axis three-mirrors system, one imaging three-mirror system, onaxis four-mirrors system, two imaging off-axis four-mirrors system and one imaging four-mirror system has been designed by Zemax software, and all of them can satisfy the requirements of the indicators. The advantages and disadvantages of six systems are given, on consideration of the fabrication, testing, calibration and the technology development of high resolution camera, the one imaging off-axis four-mirrors system has been chosen, gets a effective focus length 29 m, F number 9.7, wide of field 1°×0.3°, shape size 3200 mm×6489 mm×8194 mm space detailed survey camera optical system. The property of the optical system is simulated and validated, the results suggest that the resolution, transfer function, aberration and distortion of system are excellent.