Friction and wear comparison tests of laser hardening and medium frequency induction hardening were performed using friction wear testing machine. And the microstructure of hardened layer was characterized by SEM, TEM and X-ray Diffractometer. The test results show that the wear resistance of laser hardening is 4%～21% higher than that of medium frequency induction hardening under the load of 50～250 N. However, the friction coefficient of laser hardened specimens is lower than that of medium frequency induction hardened ones. The frictional behaviour of them is grain abrasion. But the width and the depth of wear trace treated by medium frequency induction hardening were greater than it treated by laser hardening. The microstructures of hardened layer are lath martensite and less acicular martensite. But more carbide was been precipitated in hardened layer treated by medium frequency induction. And more residual austenite was leaved in it.