In order to understand the mechanical properties of rock in part of Karakoram (China Section), the dynamic evolution laws of rock sample displacement field, fracture initiation and propagation were studied by using digital image correlation technology under three-point bending and uniaxial compression. Through the quantitative and qualitative analysis, it is concluded that the crack evolution and path are different due to different rock types. The crack of three-point bending rock sample occurs at the side of tensile stress, and the uniaxial compression specimen is at the corner. Local crushing leads to failure. By comparing the crack evolution, the cracks of phyllite and gneiss extend longitudinally along the maximum stress, while the cracks of mica schist are damaged under the influence of bedding and stress, the cracks extend zigzag. The experimental results can improve the understanding of rock failure mechanism in this area, and provide data accumulation and reference for disaster prevention and mitigation and engineering facilities construction.