The weld appearance of short circuiting transfer metal-inert gas (MIG) welded aluminum alloys is poor, and the penetration depth is shallow. Using high-speed camera and synchronous electrical signal acquisition system, the droplets transfer characteristics of aluminum alloys short circuiting transfer MIG welding are studied, and the reasons that the weld appearance is not good are explained. In the process of aluminum alloys laser-arc paraxial hybrid welding, the results show that the droplets transfer characteristics are changed. When the laser power is below the threshold value, the droplets transfer becomes stable, and the appearance of weld are significantly improved. When the laser power exceeds the threshold value, the droplets transfer becomes instable, and there is no obvious improvement of weld appearance. By comparing the weld cross-sections of traditional MIG and laser-MIG welding when using short circuiting transfer welding, it is found that, with the addition of laser, the droplets spread better, residual height decreases, and penetration depth increases. The experiment proves that, to aluminum alloys, the assistance of laser makes the short circuiting transfer MIG welding available and valuable.