Aim at solving online hidden deformation monitoring problems for the embankment dams with long distance and large area, a monitoring system using distributed stimulated Brillouin scattering optical fiber sensing is proposed. Data acquisition principle of the distributed optical fiber sensing instrument is briefly introduced and Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) is analyzed. Take the Yellow River embankment dam as an example of being monitored. The monitoring system based on DiTeSt-STA202, which is a distributed optical fiber sensing instrument made by Omnisens, is constructed. The database of monitoring system consists of four parts, original data from sensors, database, user output, and user operations, which can process and manage these data including real-time monitoring and previous posted data. It also provides important information and guide for the expert decision-making system of embankment dam safety monitoring and maintenance.