In this paper, a novel sensitive photothermal interferometric detection technique, which is based on the interference of the two reflected probe beams from the front and rear surfaces of a plate sample, is developed. Both theoretical intensity profile of the interference fringe pattern and experimental measurement are presented. The signal expression for modulated photothermal interferometric detection scheme is given and the photothermal measurement is carried out with the fluoroaluminate glass plate as the sample. The potential applications of this sensitive photothermal interferometric detection scheme to material characterization, weak absorption measurement, as well as microvolume trace analysis are discussed.