We investigate the diffusion interaction and quantitative analysis of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) mixed with lube base oil (LBO) at different concentrations using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). When the concentration exceeds 6.78%, the characteristic absorption peaks exhibit significantly shift, and the absorption coefficient peak value is nonlinear against concentration. Moreover, the absorption coefficients of mixed samples follow the Beer's law at a concentration below 6.78%. The quantitative analysis enables a strategy for monitoring the formulation of lubricating oil in real time.