This paper studied the relationship between corneal astigmatism and refractive astigmatism in paediatric aphakia after congenital cataract surgery. A retrospective review of the medical records of paediatric patients with aphakia was conducted.The corneal curvature and optometry were measured in aphakia children after congenital cataract surgery. Thibos vector analysis was used to make it into J0 and J45 vectors, and then performed a linear regression of refractive astigmatic error on corneal astigmatism. A total of 55 eyes (30 patients) were analysed. The astigmatism in paediatricaphakia (mean±standard deviation) were determined using retinoscopy (-1.35±0.73) D, automatic refractometry (-1.96±0.92) D, and the axial was (125.18°±63.97°), (120.78°±62.75°), respectively. The regression relationship between refractive astigmatism (R) and corneal astigmatism (C) in J0 group and J45 group was statistically significant. So corneal astigmatism can be used to predict the refractive astigmatism of aphakia children.