Two-dimensional materials have excellent optical properties such as high refractive index and high transmittance. At the same time, when graphene oxide materials are processed by laser, reduction reaction occurs and reduced graphene oxide with graphene-like characteristics is generated, which makes it possible to design Fresnel lenses based on graphene oxide materials. Compared with the traditional optical lens and micro optical lens, this design reduces the lens size from centimeter to nanometer level. In this paper, a Fresnel lens based on graphene oxide film is designed for the working wavelength of 532 nm. The focusing effect of the Fresnel lens is tested by Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction theory and numerical simulation of electromagnetic field. The graphene oxide film is prepared by the drop-casting method with the thickness of about 500 nm, and the Fresnel lens is processed by laser on the film. Finally, the diameter of the focus spot is 2.14 μm, and the focusing efficiency is 41.2%. Compared with the spraying method for preparing graphene oxide films, the drop-casting method for preparing graphene oxide has the advantages of high efficiency and low cost. This design provides the possibility for the integration and large-scale production of nanometer scale graphene oxide based optical systems.