Aiming at improving the sensitivity of optical fiber wavelength multiplexing acceleration sensor,the sensitization idea of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acceleration sensor is analyzed and the sensitivity bottlenecks and inherent constraints of FBG acceleration sensor are clarified.The physical model of wavelength multiplexing fiber Fabry-Pérot (F-P) acceleration sensor is proposed,the principle of acceleration sensing is researched theoretically,and the analytical expressions of the resonance frequency and the sensitivity of the sensor are derived.The influence factors of structural stiffness,interference order,and cavity length of the system on the sensitivity and resonant frequency of the sensor are analyzed in depth,and the sensitivity response characteristics of the FBG and F-P acceleration sensors under different system stiffness are compared and analyzed.Because sensitivity and resonant frequency limit each other,furthermore,the figure of merit is introduced to compare and analyze the comprehensive performance of the FBG and F-P acceleration sensors.When the resonance frequency is 205 Hz,the sensor sensitivity is up to 198 nm/G,higher than FBG sensor sensitivity about 2 magnitude theoretically,and put forward the F-P type acceleration sensor wavelength multiplexing scheme.The theoretical analysis results show that the F-P type acceleration sensor has unique advantages,compared with the FBG type,which provides a new idea for the sensitization and wavelength multiplexing of the optical fiber type acceleration sensor,and lays a theoretical foundation.