The compressive and tensive characteristics of Magnetorheological(MR) fluid were investigated with a magnetic field. A experiment setup was designed and fabricated to test the compressive and tensive properties and the magnetic behavior of the equipment was analysed by using the ANSYS/Multiphysics. The compressive and tensive resistance of the MR fluid was then measured for different field strengths, and the relation between tensile yield stress and shear yield stress for the same magnetic field was developed. The compressing tests show that the MR fluid has a smaller compressive modulus when a compressive strain is about 0.15. The compressive stress and compressive modulus have an exponential relationship with the compressive strain when they are higher than 0.15.Moreover, the exponent increases with the enhancement of the applied magnetic field. The tensile yield stress is about four times of shear yield stress. According to the results above,The shear yield angle is calculated to be 13.8-16.9°. Obtained results prove the retionability of the physical model for describing the shere stress of MR fluid.