The image recognition of ice thickness on transmission line towers is easily affected by subjective factors and adverse weather, resulting in inconsistent recognition results with reality. To address this issue, a method for image recognition of ice thickness on transmission line towers based on airborne laser point clouds is proposed. Taking into account the influence of temperature, humidity, and wind speed meteorological factors, LiDAR point cloud data of transmission line towers is obtained through airborne LiDAR. The three-dimensional coordinate conversion algorithm is used to convert it into three-dimensional coordinates in a unified coordinate system, thereby constructing a three-dimensional space for transmission line towers. By constructing a three-dimensional space, the three-dimensional coordinates of the ground target are obtained. Through grayscale processing and edge extraction of the image, projection is selected and a projection model is constructed. Obtain actual imaging based on the point cloud pixel projection relationship. Compare the pixel widths of the upper and lower boundaries of the iron tower images before and after icing, and obtain the recognition results of the icing thickness image. According to the experimental verification results, it can be seen that this method has the maximum error with the experimental data at a wind speed of 2 m/s, which is 0.5 cm. The rest are consistent, and it has accurate recognition effect.