Double perovskite compounds are an excellent up-conversion host material with high chemical stability, low phonon energy, easy doping of rare earth ions and a variety of tunable crystallographic lattices. In this paper, Rb3GaF6∶Er3+, Yb3+ up-conversion luminescent materials with the double perovskite structure were synthesized by high-temperature solid-phase method at 600 ℃, and the composition, structure and luminescence characteristic were systematically characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence spectrometer. Under 980 nm excitation, the prepared samples produced green emission at 521 and 548/561 nm attributes to electron transitions on the 2H11/2-4I15/2 and 4S3/2-4I15/2 level of Er3+, respectively, and the red emission at 656 nm corresponding to electron transitions on the 4F9/2-4I15/2 level of Er3+. In addition, the up-conversion luminescence mechanism of Rb3GaF6∶Er3+,Yb3+ was also investigated.