This study takes the newly-built project of Fudan University as an example to analyze the energy consumption problem of variable refrigerant flow multi split system (VRV system) in university buildings, aiming to explore its energy-saving optimization path and provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the efficient operation of university building air conditioning systems. The study adopts a case analysis method to compare and analyze the air conditioning system design parameters, cooling and heating load indicators, and operating data of two generations of canteens at Fudan University Jiangwan Campus. Combined with multidimensional influencing factors such as meteorological parameters, building envelope structure characteristics, and indoor heat source distribution, the applicability and energy-saving potential of VRV air conditioning systems in university buildings are systematically evaluated. The research results show that with the improvement of building envelope performance and the advancement of equipment technology, the cooling and heating load indicators of the second-generation canteen are significantly reduced compared to the first generation canteen, and the energy consumption per unit area is reduced by about 30%; Intelligent centralized control methods (including multi wire control based on MODBUS protocol and IoT cloud control) can effectively improve system operation efficiency; Behavioral energy-saving measures such as timed control and temperature optimization can reduce energy consumption. The research conclusion shows that VRV air conditioning systems have significant energy-saving advantages in university buildings. By optimizing design parameters, adopting intelligent control strategies, and strengthening daily maintenance, system energy efficiency can be significantly improved and operating costs can be reduced. In addition, the renovation plan for updating indoor and outdoor units provides an efficient and economical implementation path for energy-saving renovation of air conditioning systems in universities, and also has important reference significance for energy-saving renovation of other public buildings.