In this study, a cadmium-resistant strain 134 was isolated and purified from the rice rhizosphere soil polluted by cadmium. The physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA were studied. The results showed that strain 134 was a Gram-negative strain and can grow under the concentration of 75 mg/L cadmium. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequence of strain 134 showed it belongs to Aeromonas sp. Amino acids and sugars was chosen as the exogenous chemotacticum, which is the commonly exudates in rice root, and the chemotactic reaction of Aeromonas 134 with the exogenous chemotacticum was investigated. The results showed that Aeromonas 134 has strong positive chemotaxis to histidine, alanine, leucine, glucose and fructose. Capillary tube test suggested that the chemotaxis responses of strain 134 depended on the concentrations of the chemotacticum. In detail, strain 134 showed the strongest chemotactic reaction towards the 80 μmol/L leucine, 40 μmol/L histidine, 60 μmol/L alanine and glucose, 100 μmol/L fructose. On the basis of these, a solution culture experiment was designed to study the effects of exogenous addition of histidine, leucine, glucose and D-fructose on the colonization of strain 134 in the rice rhizosphere. All four exogenous chemotactic agents can promote the colonization of strain 134 in the rice rhizosphere, especially the treatment of glucose and D-fructose, the number of rhizosphere colonizing bacteria was significantly different from the control (P <0.01), and was 3.48 and 3.87 times of the control, respectively.