The navigation and positioning accuracy is mainly dependent on measurement accuracy of atmospheric polarization imaging. A four-channel time division multiplexing (TDM) atmospheric polarization measurement technique based on bionic principle is proposed and investigated. The technique measures atmospheric polarization signals with four detecting channels based on TDM. Compared with developed techniques,the technique simplifies measurement system and decreases effects from channel signal gain difference and atmosphere signal intensity change. Experimental results show that the technique significantly reduces measurement error and improves measurement accuracy of atmospheric polarization. A measurement system based on the technique can obtain reliable position information of the star for navigation and positioning.