5G communication technology provides great convenience for social development and daily life, but it also brings serious electromagnetic wave pollution. To mitigate the harm caused by this pollution, designing lightweight and eco-friendly broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing materials has become a research focus. In this paper, a B and N co-doped carbon material with bamboo-like one-dimensional hollow tubular structure is prepared using coconut wood as precursor. B and N co-doping optimizes the composition of biomass-derived carbon and improves the impedance matching of the material. The bamboo-like one-dimensional hollow tubular structure is conducive to the entry of electromagnetic waves into the material. Consequently, the prepared material exhibits remarkable electromagnetic wave absorption properties, with the lowest reflection loss (RL) value of - 59. 64 dB at 14. 12 GHz, an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) width range of 5. 88 GHz, and a required thickness of only 2. 1 mm. Research results demonstrate that the excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance of this material stems from a combination of multiple refractions and scattering within the material, dipolar polarization, interfacial polarization, and conductive polarization.